Compostul si efectul asupra sanatatii plantelor- compost and its effect on plant's health

Studii recente demonstreaza beneficiile compostului de a reduce aparitia si severitatea unor boli la plante cauzate de fungi, nematode sau bacterii cum ar fi specii de Fusarium, Pythium, Rhizoctonia, Sclerotium sau Aphanomyces.

Eficacitatea compostului de a suprima aceste boli depinde de tipul compostului si de tehnica de aplicare, uneori cu rezultate de reducere a severitatii de pana la 90%. Acest lucru se obtine datorita îmbunatatirii proprietatilor fizice si chimice ale solului si datorita cresterii varietatii si cantitatii bacteriilor si fungilor din sol.

Relatia dintre compost si plantele sanatoase a fost demonstrata prin numeroase studii, procesele implicate fiind legate de cresterea materiei organice din sol, vitala pentru o crestere buna a culturilor, îmbunatatirea structurii solului si retinerea umiditatii, facând apa disponibila plantelor, precum si prin cresterea cantitatii de nutrienti disponibili si eliberarea constanta a acestora.

Suplimentarea cu compost a solurilor stimuleaza populatia de bacterii si ciuperci benefice cu rol de a suprima microorganismele care pot cauza boli. Aceste microorganisme cu rol benefic se numesc si agenti de control biologic sau de bio-control.

Acestia suprima bolile prin mai multe moduri cum ar fi concurenta cu microorganismele daunatoare in cautarea de elemente nutritive sau de colonizare a anumitor habitate cum ar fi radacina. Un numar mare de microorganisme benefice castiga in fata microorganismelor daunatoare si astfel plantele vor creste mari si sanatoase.

Un alt mecanism ar fi  secretiile si anticorpii produsi de unele microorganisme care pot inhiba cresterea patogenilor de plante.

Va dorim o gradina minunata!

Recent studies demonstrate the benefits of compost to reduce the appearance and severity of plant diseases caused by fungus, nematodes or bacteria such as Fusarium, Pythium, Rhizoctonia, Sclerotium or Aphanomyces.

The effectiveness of compost to suppress these diseases depends on the type of compost and the application technique, sometimes with severity reduction results of up to 90%. This is achieved by improving the physical and chemical properties of the soil and by increasing the variety and quantity of soil bacteria and fungus.

The relationship between compost and healthy plants has been demonstrated by numerous studies, the processes involve growing organic matter in the soil, vital for good crop growth, soil structure improvement and moisture retention, making water available to plants, and increasing the amount of available nutrients and their constant release.

Composting soil addition stimulates the population of beneficial bacteria and fungus to suppress microorganisms that can cause disease. These beneficial microorganisms are also called biological control or bio-control agents.

They suppress diseases in several ways such as competing with harmful microorganisms in search of nutrients or colonization of certain habitats such as roots. A large number of beneficial microorganisms gain against harmful microorganisms, so plants will grow big and healthy.

Another mechanism would be the secretions and antibodies produced by some microorganisms that can inhibit the growth of plant pathogens.

We wish you a wonderful garden!

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